After the collapse of the Soviet Union, a number of Russians remained in the former Soviet states. The composition of Russian speakers remaining in each state is different. The former Soviets include Armenia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Latvia, Moldova, Lithuania, Tajikistan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Estonia, Belarus, and Azerbaijan. This essay discusses the percentage of Russian speakers remaining in each state. It also discusses the change in their numerical composition over time since the collapse of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union collapsed in 1991. Most of the demographic data was provided in 1989 during the last census of the Soviet Union. During the collapse of the Soviet Union, ethnic Russians in Armenia constituted the minority population. The percentage of the Russian-speaking population was 1.6%. Only 33% of Russians speak the Armenian language fluently. The number of ethnic Russians living in Armenia has since declined. It is estimated that between 1990 and 1998 more than 45% of Russian speakers left Armenia. This migration reduced the number of Russians to a paltry 15,000. Armenia is almost entirely a mono-ethnic country. The Russian question does not affect the political landscape of the country. However, the country still uses the Russian language alongside the Armenian language in schools. In the 1989 census Azerbaijan had 5.6% ethnic Russians. This can be estimated as the number of ethnic Russians in the country after the collapse of the Soviet Union. This equated to 392,000 people in the country. By 1999, the number of ethnic Russians had declined significantly. The 1999 census showed that the country had 171,000 ethnic Russians, representing 2.2% of the ethnic composition (Skutsch, 2013). The Azerbaijani government's 2009 national census showed a decreasing number of Russians in the country. The census revealed that the number of Russians fell further to 19,300. The reduction in the number of ethnic Russians has not caused significant changes in the country's sociopolitical landscape. At the time of the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kyrgyzstan had an ethnic Russian composition of 21.4% (Münz & Ohliger, 2003). The net migration of Russians led to a reduction in their composition.
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