Doping problems in sports began to emerge in the late 1950s, due to rumors that coaches were allowing players to use performance-enhancing drugs. The 1956 Olympic Games were plagued by athletes using performance-enhancing drugs, so countries began reporting the damage the drugs were causing to athletes and sports (6 Anonymous). Long-term use of performance-enhancing drugs will destroy athletes' bodies. Doping is the use of illegal substances that are harmful to the health of athletes and can improve performance. Doping also means the presence of drugs in the athlete's blood or urine. So, doping in other words is cheating and can be harmful to an individual's reputation and to the sport. There are two types of doping blood and chemical. Blood doping occurs when drugs are put into red blood cells, oxygen carriers, and related blood products to improve an athlete's performance (1 Anonymous). The effects of blood doping include kidney damage, allergic reactions, and blood clots (1 Anonymous). Chemical doping refers to attempts to modify samples used in drug tests (1 Anonymous). Despite the many risks, drug use among athletes is still widespread. The first drug test was carried out at the Mexico Games in 1968. At these games the IOC (International Olympic Committee) developed a list of banned substances (7 Anonymous). This list included stimulants, beta blockers and anabolic steroids, etc. Unfortunately, due to limited technology, athletes have learned how to game the system. Athletes replaced urine samples, and some stopped using the drug in enough time so that no traces of the drug remained in the blood before testing (7 Anonymous). But in 1983, drug testing was perfected. The i...... in the center of the sheet......chor/28476>Oakley, Ray. Drugs, society and human behavior. CVMosby Inc,St.Louis,1983Nelson, Elizabeth A. Dealing with Drugs and Sports. Rosen Publishing Inc, New York 1995Anonymous. Anti-doping policy. Play clean. August 2000. August 20, 2000 Clearinghouse. Steroids. Department of Health and Addiction Services. May 2001. Clearinghouse. Stimulants. Department of Health and Addiction Services. May 2001. Anonymous. What is doping. Play clean. January 2001. 10 January 2001. Mattia, Roberto. Steroid prevention program scores with high school athletes. NIDA. July 1997. August 1997. Sah, Eddie. Personal interview. April 26 2001