This illustrates the progression of change implemented by humans to produce profit by distorting the balance of nature. Steinbeck states that these “great men” (347) are “men of knowledge” (347) who “work carefully and endlessly to perfect the seed, the roots” (346). When referring to men, Steinbeck uses sarcasm to imply that men are created with the sole purpose of fixing nature and this creates a satirical effect that emphasizes the concept that nature is not perfect as it is and that it is the duty of man maximize the product. In the Bible, Mother Nature is flawless and represents the divinity of God. When humans attempt to change God's creation, the result is only punishment for their pride and arrogance through the resulting loss of profit. The chaos that follows the coming of man alludes to Eve's act of biting the apple and ruining Utopia. Nature produces the necessary amount of food without excess to establish balance. While nature's purpose is to provide nourishment to the living, humans look at nature as an opportunity to make profit. This leads man to tamper with the balance present in nature and the imbalance that overproduction has caused. The motivation behind men is greed for wealth, for money. Despite having an overabundance of produce, men "cannot find a way to let the hungry eat their produce" (348). There is both high demand and supply, however if their products, invented by scientific research, are not purchased at the required price, the food is better off rotting or being sent to the cannery for unnatural preservation and profit maximization. Chaos takes shape in hunger and desperation, where people are kept at arm's length from the crops by all violent means.