Concrete (Link to an external site) is a widely used material in various building structures, making it very important in the construction industry. It is cheap and durable. It is easy to make, is made using natural ingredients and since it is also recyclable, this material is considered environmentally friendly. Concrete is made up of aggregates, rocks and paste, a mixture of Portland cement and water, which hardens when hydration begins. The reduction of construction costs and times and the possibility of concrete application in certain construction and environmental conditions are the result of enormous developments in materials and equipment and new concepts in the innovation of construction techniques. As construction has been continuously innovative, there are many new methods in concrete construction that have appeared lately and one of them is the Tremie method. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Essay The Tremie method uses a watertight tube called a Tremie to pour the concrete under water. It is often supported by a working platform above the water level. Underwater concrete plays an important role in the construction of offshore structures, Tremie concrete can be used to join various elements together in composite action. The lower end of the pipe is kept immersed in the fresh concrete so that the concrete rising from the bottom displaces the water without washing away the cement contents. A Tremie concrete mix is ​​a special mix with plasticizer, it has a high flow concrete with setting retarders. It has smaller aggregate dimensions, has a four-hour workability and is designed for underwater placement via Tremie tubing. Placing Tremie concrete is done through a pipe, usually 10 to 12 inches. tube. The pipe can be modular but the joints must be flanged and bolted, with a soft rubber gasket, in order to avoid any water infiltration. The Tremie tube must have sufficient wall thickness so that it can be negatively buoyant when empty. At the lower end, a steel plate with a soft rubber gasket is installed, then the plate is tied with string to the pipe. Installation begins by placing the sealed pipe on the bottom and then partially filling it with the Tremie concrete mix. When Tremie has been filled to a reasonable distance above the head balancing the fresh concrete against the surrounding liquid, the pipe is raised 150mm, allowing the concrete to flow out. The lower end of the pipe is kept embedded in the fresh cement, but no deeper than where the cement took its initial set. Please note: this is just an example. Get a custom paper from our expert writers now. Get a Custom Essay Tremie hose advice should always be submerged at least approximately 1m to prevent water from entering the hose. The flow of concrete must be smooth, consistent with the rate at which concrete can be delivered into the upper hopper. The delivery method should provide a relatively uniform feed to the hopper rather than large batches being suddenly dumped. When you need to cover large areas, you need to use multiple Tremie tubes. The distance that Tremie can flow without excessive segregation is between 6 and 20 m.