Comparative literature has paved the way for a more in-depth analysis of different and common characteristics in different forms of literature, such as writings and films on different aspects such as global perspectives, disciplinary and cultural (Easterbrook). In this analysis, we try to understand the relationship and differences between The Metamorphosis and Pan's Labyrinth. These two pieces are good literary works that depict only the perfect and exceptional creativity of individual writers. The Metamorphosis is the story of Gregor Samsa, a budding salesman who eventually changes and becomes an insect overnight. Franz Kafka (2017) says: “When Gregor Samsa woke one morning from troubled dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a gigantic insect.” The man faces severe isolation, especially from his family, who feel he is a burden, especially since he is no longer able to earn an income for his family. The alienation he faces throughout the story is a recurring theme, which can be attributed to his sad final death (Spilka). In my opinion, change is inevitable and the world has different ways to adapt to any change, some of which might be quiet and unfortunate for another human being. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Pan's Labyrinth is a film about moral disobedience. Basically, the entire plot of the film dictates how the world has a constant battle between good and evil and opens no path to innocence. In this film, the audience is introduced to several characters who carry the main concepts of the film. Ophelia is an eleven-year-old girl whose mind continually oscillates between the world of fairy tales and the normal world (Pan's Labyrinth). However, the girl's mind is mostly dictated by the realm of fairy tales. The girl believes that even insects are fairies for her; even an insect is an insect. Ophelia once follows a stick insect, which leads her into a labyrinth where she finds a housekeeper, Mercedes. The housekeeper's kindness and generosity impress Ophelia. In this magical world several events unfold for the young girl which is the basis of the entire story of Ophelia and her attempt to prove that innocence is forgotten in a world where good and evil are in conflict. There are many themes in the story, but somehow the most recurring one is disobedience. In my opinion the young woman had to disobey the other characters on several occasions just to make sure everyone was happy in the long run, which at a certain point is no longer the case. These are several examples of disobedience that are separately linked to desire. The Metamorphosis and Pan's Labyrinth are two distinct but similar works of art. In these materials, the creators have both based their art in magical worlds. Both materials employed the creation of different worlds for their characters. Furthermore, the theme of change is inevitable in both of these materials. The two main characters of the artworks all experience change in one way or another, which leads the two to share a similarity. In the novel, Gregor is a successful traveling salesman who has a family that depends entirely on his income. The seller wakes up one morning and discovers that he is an insect. Overnight, Gregor transformed into a gigantic and very hideous insect that is horrible to look at. Likewise, Ophelia experiences a transformation of her own when she is absorbed into the fairy world, away from the war and her stepfather. In both cases, the use of an insect is somewhat of a symbol used to represent precision. This is because theInsects have the ability to perform impossible tasks. In The Metamorphosis and Pan's Labyrinth the presence of insects is a crucial situation as they form the basis of both plots. For example, in The Metamorphosis, the impossible happens when a human transforms into an ugly insect during the night. In the real world, this is impossible, but the author takes into account magical or paranormal activity in the book when having a seller wake up an insect in the morning. Consequently, the stick insect in Pan's Labyrinth is used to guide Ophelia into the new magical or fairy-tale world. In this film, an insect does the impossible and helps the young eleven-year-old enter the world of fantasy. Basically, humans cannot affect the magical world in this way based on materials. In human culture, man has learned and embraced that he is the superior being on earth. The Metamorphosis and Pan's Labyrinth are used to show us, the audience, how human beings treat and think about themselves. In both materials, humans are seen to have a high opinion of themselves. For example, Gregor's family begins to treat him unpleasantly after his transformation. Franz describes this when he explains: “Was he an animal, that music could move him like that? He felt as if the path to the unknown nourishment he so desired was coming to light. Initially the family was entirely dependent on the seller for maintenance. This means that before he transformed into the hideous and gigantic insect, the family respected him and were all there for him. After his transformation, he is alienated and only his sister seems to have any concern about providing him with food. Likewise, he was a traveling salesman, and thus had earned a lot of money for his company, but when his manager sees him, all this is forgotten and he immediately runs away. This shows that the family is more interested in his money and physical appearance. When Gregor was not an insect, his family was there for him, but once he changes, he experiences inferiority. He is treated like an inferior being and no one really cares about his life except his sister. Gregor even adopts the ways of an insect such as climbing walls, an event which prompts his sister to try to provide him with more space in the room by removing furniture. Consequently, in Pan's Labyrinth, humans are treated as supreme beings, and it is the mind and innocence of an eleven-year-old girl that tells us otherwise. In this film, humans see themselves as supreme beings, and the Captain demonstrates this through his attempts to win the war against other peoples just to see who is more superior. However, the fact that the transformed insect is able to guide Ophelia into her fantasy or fairy-tale world proves the opposite. A bug formulated in her mind is able to help her get to a world where she has always wanted to go. No man has been able to make this happen for her, and it is only made possible by the fact that the insect is ready to help her find the old and lost labyrinth. The theme of magic and realism is evident in Pan's Labyrinth and The Metamorphosis. In both of these materials, we are introduced to situations and worlds that simultaneously employ the use of realism and magic. A good example is when Gregor turns into an insect. The author states that he wakes up and observes that the room around him is normal, and goes back to sleep. The author says, “How about I sleep a little longer and forget all this nonsense?” Clearly, this shows that there is a direct connection between the real world and the magical activities in the book. Gregor becomes a giant insect and the world around himremains unchanged. The family must experience magic in their home when their son becomes an insect. Therefore, magic and realism are employed in this material. In Pan's Labyrinth the same theme recurs several times. For example, Ofelia can see the Faunus, but her stepfather, Captain Vidal, cannot. The forest was a magical land for the little girl, where she could live and play with her insects. This creates a clear line between the real world and the magical world. It's interesting how Ophelia gets sucked or absorbed into the magical world from the real world, another tool that shows the concept of realism and magic. Therefore, in both materials, the theme of magic and realism is observed through both creators' ability to include the use of different worlds for their recurring main characters. The Metamorphosis and Pan's Labyrinth are two distinct materials that somehow share the same ideologies and themes. on some occasions. However, the two are also different in their own unique ways. The creators of each of them had a message that they intended to convey to people. An analysis of these distinct themes for The Metamorphosis and Pan's Labyrinth will help determine the main ideas behind each of the materials. The Metamorphosis is used to explain and define the themes of isolation, inferiority and alienation. Pan's Labyrinth is a film used to help people understand critical issues such as desire and disobedience. The little girl had the desire to see fairies even when her mother told her: “You are getting old and you will see that life is not like in your fairy tales. The world is a cruel place. And you will learn it, even if it hurts. She counters and says it exists (Pan's Labyrinth). As stated previously, The Metamorphosis is used to channel themes such as isolation, inferiority, and alienation. These are recurring themes in the novel and explain the idea behind many events Gregor experiences. As soon as he transforms into the giant insect, the family locks the seller in his room. He is not allowed to leave the room as the inevitable might happen, such as people seeing the giant creature that was once a man and going crazy. This also becomes clear when Gregor wants to run after his manager and explain to him why he missed work. The father prevents this from happening and fights the giant insect back into the room using a stick and newspaper. During the operation Gregor gets injured, which is a real shame considering his initial intentions were only to explain his situation to the coach. After this scenario, the seller is never allowed to leave his room. His family finds ways to ensure he receives food and other things by modifying his room. The theme of alienation is also evident in this material on several occasions. Gregor's story is that of a sad man who was once successful and ends up losing many things due to the fact that he has changed. He loses his job, his painting and even his dignity. This leads to the idea of ​​how humans deal with change. For example, the change forces the family to alienate and distance themselves from the hideous insect that was once the family's sole breadwinner. In the process, Gregor loses all of his belongings and his family for the most part wants nothing to do with him. His mother even faints when she lays eyes on her son transformed into an insect. Understanding the current and developed situation, the seller does not even try to leave his room. The theme of inferiority manifests itself when the seller's family fails to recognize his presence and situation. This can be attributed to his eventual death. His father even throws apples at him instead of handing them out as he would, 1990.