Mongolia is a country located between two great powers, Russia and China. This is a unique position in the international affairs arena, requiring its foreign and security policies to be in balance with those of its two neighbors and countries beyond. Therefore, Mongolia will not face immediate external or internal military threats as long as it maintains friendly relations with Russia and China. As the margin between security and development has narrowed, for a small and underdeveloped country like Mongolia, development challenges indeed constitute major security challenges. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Thanks to this geographical location, Mongolia is isolated and at the same time protected from many types of regional security challenges. There will be no military threat coming to this land from a third nation than Russia and China. These two neighbors are capable enough to deter, neutralize and defeat regional threats before they reach Mongolia. Historically, the fact that Mongolia was the least affected by the Korean War among the nations in the region shows that the country has benefited from the two great and powerful shock absorbers of serious regional conflicts. But on the other hand, not having a direct threat doesn't mean you don't have security challenges. Mongolia is extremely vulnerable to the balance of power among its neighbors. The tripartite Khiagt Agreement somehow officially declared the balance of power between the two in 1915, and the history of the 20th century has clearly shown how a change in this balance could be dangerous for the very existence of the country. Chinese troops marched to the Mongolian capital in 1919, when Russia was going through civil war in 1917-1919 and was unable to enforce the agreement. In the 1960s, Soviet troops were stationed in Mongolia, making the country the frontline battlefield of possible military collisions between Moscow and Beijing (Galsanjamts, 2011, p. 3). Therefore, Mongolia gives top priority to neighborhood policy and aims to maintain a "balanced relationship" between the two. Although maintaining the balance between the two large neighbors is Mongolia's main concern, national security cannot be guaranteed by focusing only on neighborhood policy. the neighbors. While it has successfully maintained a “balanced relationship,” its landlocked location presents additional security challenges. The history of the Cold War has shown that the politically and economically isolated geographic location isolates Mongolia from the rest of the world and keeps the country underdeveloped and uninterested in other powers. Mongolia's possible bypass in regional economic cooperation, therefore, is considered a security challenge for Ulaanbator because it would leave the country isolated or "aspirated" from world development, stifling all its potential and keeping it totally dependent on its neighbors. Therefore, it strives to be an active regional actor and responsible partner to prevent isolation or suffocation with the vacuum cleaner. Mongolia wants to play its role in global and regional peace and stability. For example, it seeks to contribute to peace support operations to ensure regional stability. With the same purpose, Mongolia invites investments from third countries into its strategically important economic sector to diversify the direct influences of Russia and China. At the national level, Mongolia has moved from a closed society with a totalitarian government and a planned economy to an open society with a democratic governmentand a market. oriented economy. It wasn't an easy transition but, overall, we were successful. Mongolia has built strong institutions of representative democracy, which have withstood the test of numerous elections. The change of government proceeds smoothly without endangering the democratic process. Since then, successive governments have worked in the early 1990s to build a more liberal and market-oriented environment conducive to private sector-led development. The challenge now before the government is to proceed further and firmly with economic reform, despite budgetary and social constraints and unfavorable developments in the external sector. Internationally, Mongolia faces a world where the interaction of the forces of continuity and change, globalization and localization makes this world a more complex place and requires greater international cooperation to meet the challenges of the new era. In the 1990s the Asia-Pacific region emerged as an important new direction for our foreign policy. In that region Mongolia's political objectives consist of the following. Strengthen mutual understanding through exchange visits, promotion of political dialogue and cultural exchanges. In the 1990s, Mongolia worked to diversify its external political, economic, commercial and military ties with countries in the region. There were exchanges of visits at various levels, which helped us engage more actively in the Asia-Pacific region. Develop trade and economic ties with the region by creating opportunities for increased bilateral trade; encourage linkages between private sectors; encourage foreign direct investment; where appropriate, seeking help in key reform areas; engage in the APEC process; seek membership in the PECC; support multilateral economic cooperation in Northeast Asia. Mongolia also works to promote sub-regional cooperation of landlocked and transit countries. Furthermore, he took part in some APEC working groups as a guest participant and developed his own individual action plan for trade and investment liberalization in accordance with the APEC model. Improve Mongolia's security environment by building a multi-pillar security framework. Therefore, the Asia-Pacific region and relations with countries in the region have been high on Mongolia's international relations agenda in recent years. In addition to developing a balanced relationship with the two neighbors, Mongolia is trying to rely on a third force, which has become a key orientation in the country's foreign policy. To implement this policy, Mongolia concluded a “Treaty on Friendly Relations and Cooperation”, first with the Russian Federation in 1992 and then with the People's Republic of China in 1994. Furthermore, Mongolia considers it vitally important to develop active cooperation with other influential countries in the Asia-Pacific region in order to create a new national security environment. Indeed, Mongolia is working to develop such a strategy that not only meets the country's national interests, but is also understood and accepted by neighboring countries and other nations in the Asia-Pacific region. The drastic changes in Mongolia's surrounding environment and the future development trend after the end of the Cold War make it imperative for Mongolia to consider its future development and security issues within the framework of the Asia-Pacific region, including Northeast Asia. This need arises from the need to consider the future development of a small country like Mongolia in the context of the region withdevelopment trends, geostrategic interests and similar economies. Mongolia appreciates the assistance and support provided by major Western powers to the country's democratization process and the development of its economy. We firmly believe that the support provided to Mongolia in conducting an independent, peace-loving and non-aligned policy in Asia, designed to build trust in our international relations, will satisfy the common interests of these great nations as well as countries in Asia. -Pacific Region. It is becoming more and more evident that these countries fully understand the reality of creating such a system. Mongolia's position will also help create favorable conditions in relations between them. There are a number of regions in Asia and the Pacific where the balance of power must be maintained. Mongolia managed to free itself from the conflict between Russia and China and in this sense it must become an example for other countries located in these regions. Although Mongolia is a small country, it has flatly refused to accept foreign direct military assistance and solemnly declared that in peacetime it will not join any military bloc or alliance, will not station foreign troops in its territory or allow their transit through its territory. Furthermore, Mongolia reduced its armed forces by several thousand men. In the Asia-Pacific region, our security strategy is to build a multi-pillar security framework by maintaining friendly and good-neighborly relations with our neighbors; develop closer bilateral relations with other countries in the region; work within the ARF multilateral process; contribute to peace and stability in Northeast Asia; develop military-to-military contacts; implement global non-proliferation and arms control regimes and encourage “second track” dialogue on security issues. The end of the Cold War substantially improved Mongolia's immediate security environment resulting in improved relations between Russia and China, which Mongolia sees as an important stabilizing factor. Mongolia's relations with Russia and China, their only neighbors, are governed by principles such as balance, good neighborliness, mutually beneficial cooperation and long-term nature. Mongolia has signed respective treaties on friendly relations and cooperation with Russia and China. Mongolia has no territorial or border disputes with its neighbors, which forms a good basis for their good neighborly relations. As part of its commitment to contribute to nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament, Mongolia declared its territory a nuclear-weapon-free zone in 1992. In December last year the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution entitled Mongolia's international security and nuclear-weapon-free status. At Monday's ARF meeting, ministers welcomed this resolution. Since the early 1990s, Mongolian scholars have taken part in what are called “track two” activities on regional security. Mongolian scholars have collaborated with CSCAP since 1996 and are active in its North-Pacific working group. There were regular exchanges and several bilateral roundtables on regional security issues were held. Because our world politics – and that of the Asia-Pacific – revolve around interconnected global policy frameworks, Mongolia's foreign policy and national security objectives cannot be emphasized in isolation. The two hundred years of struggle against Manchu Qing rule left a valuable and hard-earned lesson: strength and perseverance will lead to growth. Significant events such as.