(d) External networking: this is done externally, monitoring and representing. Yulk (2013) also suggested the essential qualities of an effective leader:1. Effective leaders always guide and help their followers through narratives to make sense of change and inspire them to do their best, which makes a positive difference. Martin Luther King's speech is a case in point.2. An effective leader always creates directions and only aligns around the goal and updates his knowledge through recent publications and journals.3. The leader should always cultivate commitment and optimism in a team which leads them to success.4. The leader should always encourage trust and cooperation of people in a team to work collaboratively. The team should be made aware of the power of cohesion by the leader which is an integral part of teamwork.5. The leader should ensure the utilization of resources available to the team such as money and IT