It is October 1862, one year and six months after the start of the Civil War. An envelope is printed, painted and dispersed. Unnamed, the print is listed as a Civil War envelope showing a woman pouring a drink for a wounded soldier while a battle rages in the background. Although it does not contain a formal title or stated artist, the print depicts various social constructs and developing principles that were present during the Civil War. The introduction of lithography on envelopes became a key component of social change during the Civil War. The print opens the viewer's eyes to the diabolical realities of war, in doing so the artist avoids presenting a northern or southern perspective and instead focuses on the patriotism of the soldiers in death, while also encouraging women to join the war effort. In order to create a print like the Civil War envelope, you need to go through a process known as lithography. Lithography is “the art of printing from stone” and involves carving an image, in reverse, onto a stone, which is then covered in ink and placed on a surface (in this case an envelope). Lithography has become an increasingly popular medium due to its ability to be reused and redistributed. Effective distribution is important because the faster a print can be replicated, the more people will be able to see it. The combination of lithography and envelopes was seen as a revolutionary tool for the Civil War. “While the armies of the North and South fought in the field, the stationers of the North and South fought on the envelopes” (Berry). The decorated envelopes served as a platform for political and social expression. The country was made self-conscious and forced to look to the center of the paper, as the printing of an envelope can serve as an embodiment of a progressing country. At the start of a war, many saw war as a good and honorable path to progress. When new media began to bring to light how devastating war can truly be, many people's perspectives changed. Men, and especially women, were therefore motivated to reach out and assist wounded soldiers. Through women's involvement in the war, they were granted responsibilities that were far beyond their reach in previous years. With envelope printing like the one called the Civil War envelope, women assisting in the war effort began to be a norm and were accepted rather than seen as unorthodox. This acceptance led women to question their rightful place in the country. They were exposed to the possibility of exploiting and ultimately leading the women's suffrage movement.
tags